Marine fuel sulphur rules: limits, areas and dates
Understand the global sulphur cap, Mediterranean requirements and the 2027 changes before planning a marine fuel purchase.
Read the guideCommodity guides
Guides for
commodity buyers.
Practical explanations of product specifications, trade terms and rules for people buying and transporting commodities.
Start here
Understanding the rules.
Primary sources. Links to the organisations behind the facts.
Practical detail. Comparisons and checklists you can use.
Dates and scope. Rules explained with their scope and timing.
Explore the library
Rules & standards
Marine fuel sulphur rules: limits, areas and dates
Understand the global sulphur cap, Mediterranean requirements and the 2027 changes before planning a marine fuel purchase.
Read the guide
EN 590 diesel: why “10 ppm” is not a full specification
A buyer’s guide to the EN 590 standard, sulphur terminology, climate requirements and the documents to request for a diesel enquiry.
Read the guideExplore the library
Buyer guides
LNG vs LPG: what changes for a buyer?
Compare composition, storage, transport and receiving requirements before choosing a basis for a gas supply enquiry.
Read the guide
FOB vs CIF: who pays, and when does risk transfer?
Understand the difference between freight costs and cargo risk under Incoterms 2020, with a practical quote-comparison example.
Read the guideExplore the library
Market explainers
Brent vs WTI: what oil benchmarks tell a buyer
Compare real EIA annual averages and learn why an oil benchmark is market context, rather than a delivered commodity quotation.
Read the guideHow these guides are prepared
These guides explain information from public primary sources and were written with AI assistance. Each includes source links, the date they were checked and practical points for buyers. They have not had an independent technical or legal review. Before a transaction, check the current standards, rules and contract with the relevant specialists.
Industry images are illustrative. These guides describe commodities and trade concepts; supply specifications and availability are confirmed for each enquiry.